Applying the secant identity: $\displaystyle\sec\left(\theta\right)=\frac{1}{\cos\left(\theta\right)}$
Multiplying the fraction by $\cos\left(x\right)$
Simplify the fraction $\frac{-\cos\left(x\right)}{\cos\left(x\right)}$ by $\cos\left(x\right)$
Apply the trigonometric identity: $-1+\sin\left(\theta \right)^2$$=-\cos\left(\theta \right)^2$
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